Mortgage Insurance
There are different types of mortgage insurance. Private Mortgage Insurance (PMI) is default insurance on conventional loans, provided by private insurance companies. The Homeowners Protection Act of 1998 allows PMI to be canceled when the amount owed reaches a certain level, particularly when the debt is less than 80% of the home’s value, and automatically when the loan principal is less than 78% of its original cost. Mortgagee’s Title Insurance is a policy that protects the lender from future claims to ownership of the mortgaged property. It’s generally required by the lender as a condition of making a mortgage. In the event of a successful ownership claim from someone other than the mortgagor, the insurance company compensates the lender for any consequent loses. Mortgagor’s Title Insurance is a policy protecting the buyer/ owner of real property from successful claims of ownership interest to the property. The coverage usually is supplemental to a Mortgagee’s Title Insurance policy, and the premium is customarily paid by the buyer.
To go into details, Mortgage Insurance is a financial guaranty that insures lenders against loss in the event a borrower defaults on a mortgage. In case the borrower defaults paying off mortgage, the lender takes title to the property and the mortgage insurer reduces or eliminates the loss to the lender. In effect, the mortgage insurer shares the risk of lending the money to the borrower. Mortgage insurance should not be confused with mortgage life insurance, which provides coverage in the event of a borrower’s death, or homeowner’s insurance, which protects the homeowner from loss due to damage from fire, flood or other disaster!
Mortgage Insurance helps home buyers to benefit and allows them to become homeowners sooner. First-time buyers can use a low down payment to help them afford their first home, or to purchase a more expensive home sooner. Home buyers can put less money down and gain significant tax advantages because they will have more deductible interest to claim. They can also use the cash they would have used for a large down payment for investments, moving costs or other expenses. Without the guaranty of mortgage insurance, lenders normally require a borrower to make a down payment of at least 20% of a home’s purchase price, which can mean years of saving for some borrowers. This large down payment assures the lender that the borrower is committed to the investment and will try to meet the obligation of monthly mortgage payments to protect his investment. With the guaranty of mortgage insurance, lenders are willing to accept as little as 5% or 10% down from borrowers. Mortgage insurance fills the gap between the standard requirement of 20% down and an amount the borrower can more easily afford to put down on a purchase. A low down payment also allows borrowers to purchase more homes than they might otherwise be able to afford. Without mortgage insurance, a borrower who has saved $10,000 for the required minimum 20% down payment would only be able to purchase a $50,000 home. With mortgage insurance the borrower could make a down payment of only 10% and purchase a $100,000 home with the $10,000! Or put $7,500 down on a $75,000 home and use the remaining $2,500 for decorating, investing, or buying a car or major appliance. Mortgage insurance broadens a borrower’s options.
Usually borrowers pay for mortgage insurance. An initial premium is collected at closing and its monthly amount may be included in the house payment made to the lender. Here are some examples of flexible plans for borrowers:
1) Annuals - The borrower pays the first-year premium at closing; an annual renewal premium is collected monthly as part of the total monthly house payment.
2) Monthly Premiums - The cost is slightly more than traditional mortgage insurance plans but monthly premiums dramatically reduce mortgage insurance closing costs. Borrowers pay for mortgage insurance monthly as part of their total monthly house payment but only need to pay one month’s mortgage insurance premium at closing, rather than one year’s.
3) Singles - The borrower pays a one-time single premium (instead of an initial premium and renewal premiums). Since single premiums are typically financed as part of the mortgage loan amount, no out-of-pocket cash is used for mortgage insurance at closing.
These plans offer the choice of refundable or nonrefundable premiums. A refundable premium allows the borrower the opportunity to receive money back on any unused portion, in the event that mortgage insurance coverage is discontinued before the loan is paid in full. The cost for a nonrefundable premium is slightly less than that of a refundable premium, thereby giving the borrower a small savings. If coverage is discontinued on a loan with a nonrefundable premium, the borrower has no opportunity for a refund.